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Brassica rapa

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Brassicales Family: Brassicaceae Genus: Brassica

bok choi, Chinese cabbage, Chinese flowering cabbage, choy sum, field mustard, pak choi, pak choy, pok choi, tatsoi, turnip, turnip

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual or biennial herbs 3–10 dm tall, glabrous and glaucous, sometimes sparsely pubescent below.with watery and usually pungent sap.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate or rarely opposite. Basal leaves lyrate–pinnatifid, 10–30 cm long, 2–10 cm wide, upper leaves oblong–lanceolate, usually 3–10 cm long. Base sessile and auriculate-clasping. Margins entire to shallowly dentate. Petioles absent. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in usually bractless, in elongate, terminal racemes. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic or rarely slightly irregular; showy. Calyx of 4 sepals, ascending or spreading, deciduous, erect, usually oblong, inner ones ± gibbous at base. Corolla of 4 petals, rarely absent, yellow, 6–10 mm long, long–clawed. Stamens (2–4)6(–16), tetradynamous, the inner 4 usually in pairs, sometimes connate at base in pairs; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2(4?)-carpellate, usually 2-celled by means of a false, but usually complete septum, rarely 1-celled, sessile or rarely stipitate; ovules 1 to numerous, borne on parietal placentas on replum margin at periphery of ovary wall, campylotropous or occasionally anatropous; style 1 or occasionally absent; stigma truncate or 2-lobed.

Fruit: Capsules divided into 2 cells by the usually thin and membranous septum; elongate (at least 3 times as long as wide) and referred to as a silique. fruit an elongate; linear silique; often torulose; terete (cylindrical) or 4–angled; with a stout; indehiscent; flat or conical; often 1–seeded beak. Siliques terete (cylindrical); 4–7 cm long; the beak 10–20 mm long. Seeds 1 to numerous; often becoming mucilaginous when wet; endosperm essentially absent. Seeds reddish gray; globose or slightly compressed; 1.5–2 mm in diameter; the surface reticulate.

Ploidy: 2n = 18; 20; 22

Habitat: Naturalized in disturbed habitats; especially pastures.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (250)

Barbarea derchiensis S.S.Ying (1995)
Brassica amplexicaulis Hochst. ex A.Rich. (1847)
Brassica antiquorum H.Lév. (1907)
Brassica arvensis Hablitz (1788)
Brassica asperifolia Lam. (1785)
Brassica asperifolia var. esculenta Gren. & Godr. (1848)
Brassica asperifolia var. oleifera Godr. (1847)
Brassica asperifolia var. sylvestris Lam. (1785)
Brassica brassicata A.Chev. (1919)
Brassica briggsii Varenne (1881)
Brassica campestris L. (1753)
Brassica campestris f. auriculata (DC.) O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica campestris f. briggsii (Briggs) O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica campestris f. oblonga (Mill.) Prain (1898)
Brassica campestris f. pinnata Makino (1932)
Brassica campestris f. tenuis O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica campestris f. trilocularis (Roxb.) Prain (1898)
Brassica campestris proles rapa (L.) Samp.
Brassica campestris stirps oleifera DC. (1821)
Brassica campestris subsp. chinensis (L.) Makino (1912)
Brassica campestris subsp. dichotoma (Roxb.) G.Olsson (1954)
Brassica campestris subsp. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) G.Olsson (1954)
Brassica campestris subsp. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) G.Olsson (1954)
Brassica campestris subsp. oleifera (DC.) Sinskaya (1928)
Brassica campestris subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) G.Olsson (1954)
Brassica campestris subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) G.Olsson (1954)
Brassica campestris subsp. vulgaris Schübl. & G.Martens (1834)
Brassica campestris subvar. autumnalis DC. (1821)
Brassica campestris subvar. depressa (DC.) O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica campestris subvar. oblonga (Mill.) O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica campestris subvar. praecox DC. (1821)
Brassica campestris subvar. pygmaea Alef. (1866)
Brassica campestris var. afghanica Sinskaya
Brassica campestris var. agrestis Prain (1898)
Brassica campestris var. amplexicaulis Makino (1912)
Brassica campestris var. annua (W.D.J.Koch) Rchb. (1838)
Brassica campestris var. chinensis (L.) N.Busch (1913)
Brassica campestris var. dissecta O.E.Schulz
Brassica campestris var. genuina Čelak. (1875)
Brassica campestris var. glabra Sinskaya
Brassica campestris var. mana Makino (1932)
Brassica campestris var. musifolia Makino (1928)
Brassica campestris var. ohsakana Makino (1932)
Brassica campestris var. orientalis Sinskaya (1928)
Brassica campestris var. osakana Makino (1932)
Brassica campestris var. purpuraria L.H.Bailey (1930)
Brassica campestris var. rapa (L.) C.Hartm. (1854)
Brassica campestris var. rubra Sinskaya
Brassica campestris var. sarson Prain (1898)
Brassica campestris var. setulosa Caruel (1881)
Brassica campestris var. shigatsuna Makino (1932)
Brassica campestris var. sotetsuna Makino (1912)
Brassica campestris var. trilocularis (Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller (1882)
Brassica campestris var. wakana Makino (1932)
Brassica celerifolia (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Y.Z.Lan & T.Y.Cheo (1991)
Brassica chinensis L. (1755)
Brassica chinensis f. aichi M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. chifu M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. hiberna M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. hiroshimana (Makino) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. honsaitai M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. indivisa (Makino) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. komatsuna (Matsum. & Nakai) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. mana (Makino) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. nigra M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. nozawensis M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. osakana (Makino) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. piaoh-tsai (Kitam.) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. taito M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis f. youngtungtsai (Kitam.) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis subf. peking M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis subf. shigatsuna (Makino) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis var. communis Tsen & S.H.Lee
Brassica chinensis var. crispa André (1866)
Brassica chinensis var. dentata (Matsum. & Nakai) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis var. komatsuna Matsum. & Nakai (1916)
Brassica chinensis var. musifolia (Makino) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis var. narinosa (Bailey) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica chinensis var. oleifera Makino & Nemoto (1931)
Brassica chinensis var. rosularis Tsen & S.H.Lee (1942)
Brassica colza H.Lév. (1910)
Brassica cyrenaica Spreng. (1825)
Brassica dubiosa L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica japonica Makino (1908)
Brassica japonica var. indivisa Makino (1916)
Brassica japonica var. isena Makino (1912)
Brassica japonica var. suigikuna Makino (1912)
Brassica juncea var. celerifolia Tsen & S.H.Lee (1942)
Brassica lutea Gilib. (1782)
Brassica mizuna Siebold (1830)
Brassica musifolia (Makino) Makino (1928)
Brassica napella Chaix (1788)
Brassica napus var. chinensis (L.) O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica napus var. dichotoma (Roxb.) Prain (1898)
Brassica napus var. longirostris Borbás (1878)
Brassica napus var. trilocularis (Roxb.) O.E.Schulz (1919)
Brassica narinosa L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica nipposinica L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica nipposinica var. laciniifolia L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica oleracea var. chinensis (L.) Prain (1898)
Brassica oleronensis A.Sav. ex Foucaud (1879)
Brassica parachinensis L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica pe-tsai L.H.Bailey (1894)
Brassica pe-tsai var. dentata Matsum. & Nakai (1916)
Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr. (1860)
Brassica pekinensis var. cephalata Tsen & S.H.Lee (1942)
Brassica pekinensis var. cylindrica Tsen & S.H.Lee (1942)
Brassica pekinensis var. hiroshimana Makino (1926)
Brassica pekinensis var. laxa Tsen & S.H.Lee (1942)
Brassica perfoliata Crantz (1769)
Brassica perviridis (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey (1940)
Brassica petsai L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica polymorpha Syme (1863)
Brassica pseudocolza H.Lév. (1910)
Brassica purpuraria (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey (1941)
Brassica rapa convar. cephalata (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos (2010)
Brassica rapa convar. cylindrica (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos (2010)
Brassica rapa convar. europea Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa convar. japonica (Shebalina) Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa convar. laxa (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos (2010)
Brassica rapa convar. mesopotamica (Shebalina) Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa convar. oleifera (DC.) Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa convar. orientalis (Sinskaya) Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa convar. parachinensis (L.H.Bailey) G.H.Loos (2010)
Brassica rapa convar. rosularis (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos (2010)
Brassica rapa f. depressa (DC.) Prain (1898)
Brassica rapa f. glabra (Sinskaya) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica rapa f. nagakabu Kitam. (1947)
Brassica rapa stirps depressa DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa stirps oblonga (Mill.) DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa stirps oleifera DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa subf. depressa M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica rapa subf. globosa M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica rapa subf. nagakuba (Kitam.) M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica rapa subf. oblonga M.Hiroe (1971)
Brassica rapa subsp. afghanica (Sinskaya) Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa subsp. campestris (L.) A.R.Clapham (1952)
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt (1986)
Brassica rapa subsp. dichotoma (Roxb. ex Fleming) Hanelt (1986)
Brassica rapa subsp. japonica Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa subsp. mesopotamica Shebalina (1974)
Brassica rapa subsp. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) Hanelt (1986)
Brassica rapa subsp. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) Kitam. (1985)
Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. (1833)
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Kitam. (1984)
Brassica rapa subsp. sarson (Prain) Denford (1975)
Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris (Lam.) Janch. (1959)
Brassica rapa subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) Hanelt (1986)
Brassica rapa subvar. alba DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa subvar. flavescens DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa subvar. nigricans DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa subvar. pe-tsai (L.H.Bailey) Kitam. (1950)
Brassica rapa subvar. punicea DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa subvar. viridis DC. (1821)
Brassica rapa subvar. youngtungtsai Kitam. (1947)
Brassica rapa var. alborosea Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa var. amplexicaulis Yo.Tanaka & Ono (1895)
Brassica rapa var. annua W.D.J.Koch (1836)
Brassica rapa var. arenaria Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. baubryana Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. biennis Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. briggsii Briggs (1880)
Brassica rapa var. campestris (L.) Peterm. (1838)
Brassica rapa var. cephalata (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt (1987)
Brassica rapa var. chinensis (L.) Kitam. (1950)
Brassica rapa var. chloroplax Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. cinerascens Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. communis Schübl. & G.Martens (1834)
Brassica rapa var. cylindrica (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt (1987)
Brassica rapa var. depressa (DC.) Lej. & Courtois (1831)
Brassica rapa var. dichotoma (Roxb. ex Fleming) Kitam. (1955)
Brassica rapa var. dissecta (O.E.Schulz) Gladis (1992)
Brassica rapa var. dubiosa (L.H.Bailey) Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa var. erythroplax Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. frenosiana Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel (1860)
Brassica rapa var. globosa Peterm. (1838)
Brassica rapa var. hybrida Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa var. intermedia Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa var. jodopyrga Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. laxa (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt (1987)
Brassica rapa var. leptorhiza Spach (1838)
Brassica rapa var. leucoplax Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. leucopyrga Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. lorifolia L.H.Bailey (1922)
Brassica rapa var. lugdunensis Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. meauxiana Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. media Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. melaina Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. morignyana Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) Kitam. (1950)
Brassica rapa var. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) Hanelt (1986)
Brassica rapa var. oblonga (Mill.) Lej. & Courtois (1831)
Brassica rapa var. oleifera (DC.) Lej. & Courtois (1831)
Brassica rapa var. oleronensis (A.Sav. ex Foucaud) Sav. (1889)
Brassica rapa var. orientalis (Sinskaya) Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa var. parachinensis (Bailey) Hanelt (1987)
Brassica rapa var. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt (1986)
Brassica rapa var. perviridis L.H.Bailey (1930)
Brassica rapa var. piaoh-tsai Kitam. (1947)
Brassica rapa var. purpuraria (L.H.Bailey) Kitam. (1950)
Brassica rapa var. rapa
Brassica rapa var. rosularis (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt (1987)
Brassica rapa var. rubra (Sinskaya) Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa var. ruvo (L.H.Bailey) Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa var. sarcorhiza Spach (1838)
Brassica rapa var. sarson (Prain) Mehrotra & Aswal (1985)
Brassica rapa var. sativa Mérat (1812)
Brassica rapa var. saulieua Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. septiceps L.H.Bailey (1930)
Brassica rapa var. sinensis Gladis & K.Hammer (2014)
Brassica rapa var. sylvestris Briggs (1880)
Brassica rapa var. teltoviensis Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. typica Posp. (1897)
Brassica rapa var. variegata Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. vilmorinii Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. violascens Shebalina (1985)
Brassica rapa var. xanthocona Alef. (1866)
Brassica rapa var. xanthoplax Alef. (1866)
Brassica ruvo L.H.Bailey (1940)
Brassica saruna Siebold (1830)
Brassica sativa Clavaud (1881)
Brassica sativa subsp. rapa (L.) Bonnier & Layens (1894)
Brassica sativa var. campestris (L.) Clavaud (1881)
Brassica sativa var. rapa (L.) Clavaud (1881)
Brassica septiceps (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey (1940)
Brassica sphaerorhiza Gray (1822)
Brassica sphaerorhiza var. oblonga Gray (1822)
Brassica trilocularis Hook.f. & Thomson (1861)
Brassica trimestris Boenn. (1824)
Brassica tuberosa Salisb. (1796)
Caulanthus sulfureus Payson (1923)
Crucifera rapa E.H.L.Krause (1902)
Napus campestris (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn. (1829)
Napus rapa (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn. (1829)
Rapa oblonga Mill. (1768)
Raphanus amplexicaulis Viv. (1824)
Raphanus campestris (L.) Crantz (1769)
Raphanus chinensis (L.) Crantz (1769)
Raphanus rapa (L.) Crantz (1769)
Sinapis auriculata DC. (1821)
Sinapis campestris Besser (1809)
Sinapis communis Noronha (1790)
Sinapis dichotoma Roxb. (1810)
Sinapis pekinensis Lour. (1790)
Sinapis pekinensis var. cai-ben Lour. (1790)
Sinapis pekinensis var. pe-tsai Lour. (1790)
Sinapis rapa Brot. (1804)
Sinapis trilocularis Roxb. (1832)
Sinapis tuberosa Poir. (1797)

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
Manawai (Pearl & Hermes Atoll) Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 666 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:400 (PH, K, O, Mo, L, H [as B. campestris]); Al-Shehbaz 1985:290/Wagner & Herbst 1995:17 (EM, NOM:Syn. B. campestris = B. rapa); Herbarium Pacificum Staff 1998:9 (remove Mo, spms. renamed Sinapis arvensis); Oppenheimer & Bartlett 2002:4 (WM); Staples & Herbst 2005:200 (KEY), 202 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Brassica rapa L. Kulani Project, S. Hilo District Localized weed on edge of disturbed forest: Metrosideros with Myoporum, Cibotium and Styphelia. Only 150' from road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 447 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1981
2 Brassica rapa L. honolulu, 42 coelho way PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 11/14/1942
3 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu area grown at U.S. exp. sta PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chung, H.L. 1313 Oahu BISH 2/11/1926
4 Brassica rapa L. East Maui, Halimaile Rd growing along the roadside as a weed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 3289 Maui BISH 4/13/1991
5 Brassica rapa L. kauai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hume, l. collector number: 481 Kauai BISH 2/28/1990
6 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu, 42 Coelho Way PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/14/1942
7 Brassica rapa L. West Maui, Wailuku Distr., Kahakuloa, north of Makamakaole Stream Common roadside weed in recently developed subdivision. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H129905 Maui BISH 12/26/1999
8 Brassica rapa L. purchased at daiei (formely holiday mart), kailua for $1.99 per bag. originally grown on big island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN staples, g.w. collector number: 936 Oahu BISH 11/7/1994
9 Brassica rapa L. unknown PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 197.H BISH 6/19/1911
10 Brassica rapa L. lihue district; hwy 51 one-half mile north of junction with hwy 570. weed along roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 3729 Kauai BISH 1/3/1990
11 Brassica rapa L. moanalua valley on o'ahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 3/18/1909
12 Brassica rapa L. Kulani Project, S. Hilo District Localized weed on edge of disturbed forest: Metrosideros with Myoporum, Cibotium and Styphelia. Only 150' from road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 447 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1981
13 Brassica rapa L. kamoku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 267 Lanai BISH 12/20/1913
14 Brassica rapa L. Lihue District; Hwy 51 one-half mile north of junction with Hwy 570. Weed along roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 3729 Kauai BISH 1/3/1990
15 Brassica rapa L. Koele PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 20.L Lanai BISH 6/1/1913
16 Brassica rapa L. halemanu, kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2409 Oahu BISH 2/14/1909
17 Brassica rapa L. Cultivated; Kalaheo, Puu wai road. Grown for edible leaves PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2891 Oahu BISH 4/5/1988
18 Brassica rapa L. east maui, halimaile rd growing along the roadside as a weed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 3289 Maui BISH 4/13/1991
19 Brassica rapa L. cultivated plants grow in aiea. veg. garden at the home of m.lee, 98-580 puaalii place PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lee, m. (sub staples iii, g.w.) collector number: 580 Oahu BISH 3/23/1990
20 Brassica rapa L. Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Large colony at west central area of the eastern part of the island. No living plants at this time of the year PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 6479 Pearl And Hermes Atoll BISH 12/7/1980
21 Brassica rapa L. Halemanu, Kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2408 Kauai BISH 1909-00-00
22 Brassica rapa L. cultivated; kalaheo, puu wai road. grown for edible leaves PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 2891 Oahu BISH 4/5/1988
23 Brassica rapa L. Moanalua Valley on O'ahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/18/1909
24 Brassica rapa L. Halemanu, Kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2409 Kauai BISH 1909-00-00
25 Brassica rapa L. unknown PreservedSpecimen Forbes, C.N. Collector Number: 197.H BISH Specimen 6/19/1911
26 Brassica rapa L. Clutivated plants grown in Aiea. At home of M. Lee, 98-580 Puqaalii Place Cultivated plants; vegetable garden at the home of M. Lee. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lee, M. 580 Oahu BISH 3/23/1990
27 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chung, H.L. 1314 Oahu BISH 2/11/1926
28 Brassica rapa L. northwestern hawaiian islands On the west side in sandy soil. Associated species: Lepidium bidentatum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN conant, s. collector number: 147 Pearl And Hermes Reef BISH 4/21/1983
29 Brassica rapa L. honolulu area In patches of Andropogon pertusus on hardpan substrate. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN chung, h.l. collector number: 1313 Kahoolawe BISH 2/11/1926
30 Brassica rapa L. West Maui, Wailuku Distr., Kahakuloa, north of Makamakaole Stream Common roadside weed in recently developed subdivision. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H129905 Maui BISH 12/26/1999
31 Brassica rapa L. west maui, wailuku distr., kahakuloa, north of makamakaole stream Common roadside weed in recently developed subdivision. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h129905 Maui BISH 12/26/1999
32 Brassica rapa L. kulani project, s. hilo district PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 447 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1981
33 Brassica rapa L. honolulu, chinatown; purchased in maunakea marketplace PRESERVED_SPECIMEN staples, g.w. herbst, d.r. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 12/10/1994
34 Brassica rapa L. Purchased at Daiei (formely Holiday Mart), Kailua for $1.99 per bag. Originally grown on Big Island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Staples, G. 936 Oahu BISH 11/7/1994
35 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu, Chinatown; purchased in Maunakea marketplace PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Staples, G. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/10/1994
36 Brassica rapa L. northwestern hawaiian islands open wood PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 6479 Hawaii BISH 12/7/1980
37 Brassica rapa L. Halemanu, Kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 2394 Kauai BISH 2/14/1909
38 Brassica rapa L. kulani project, south hilo district On edge of disturbed forest: Metrosideros with Myoporum, Cibotium and Styphelia. Only 150' from road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 447 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1981
39 Brassica rapa L. Halemanu, Kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2407 Kauai BISH 2/14/1909
40 Brassica rapa L. honolulu cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN chung, h.l. collector number: 1314 Oahu BISH 2/11/1926
41 Brassica rapa L. unknown PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 198.h BISH 6/19/1911
42 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Chung, H.L. Collector Number: 1314 Oahu BISH 2/11/1926
43 Brassica rapa L. hawaii national park, kilauea, old volcano house, frequent in grasy areas PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 467 Hawaii BISH 3/15/1943
44 Brassica rapa L. halemanu, kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2407 Kauai BISH 2/14/1909
45 Brassica rapa L. Waialae roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2424.O Oahu BISH 2/16/1917
46 Brassica rapa L. koele PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 20.2 Lanai BISH 6/1/1913
47 Brassica rapa L. waialae roadside PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2424 o Oahu BISH 2/16/1917
48 Brassica rapa L. Kauai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, L. 481 Kauai BISH 2/28/1990
49 Brassica rapa L. Northwestern Hawaiian Islands On the west side in sandy soil. Associated species: Lepidium bidentatum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Conant, S. 147 Pearl And Hermes Atoll BISH 4/21/1983
50 Brassica rapa L. Kapule Hwy., Lihue, North section between airport and Hanamaulu Stream bridge, East side of road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lynwood Hume 495 Kauai PTBG 3/16/1990
51 Brassica rapa L. Hawaii National Park, Kilauea, Old Volcano House, frequent in grasy areas PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 467 Hawaii BISH 3/15/1943
52 Brassica rapa L. Kanepuu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 524 Lanai BISH 2/3/1930
53 Brassica rapa L. Kalaheo, Puuwai Road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2891 Kauai PTBG 4/5/1988
54 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu, Chinatown; purchased in Maunakea Marketplace. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN George Staples s.n. Oahu PTBG 12/10/1994
55 Brassica rapa L. honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13673 Oahu US 6/15/1916
56 Brassica rapa L. Grown in Aiea. Vegetable garden at the home of M. Lee, 98-580 Puaalii Place. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Marion Lee sub George Staples 579 Oahu PTBG 3/23/1990
57 Brassica rapa L. Kapule Highway, Lihu'e, north section between airport and Hanama'ulu Stream bridge, east side of road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, L. 495 Kauai US 3/16/1990
58 Brassica rapa L. Hwy 51 one-half mile North of junction with Hwy 570. Weed along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3729 Kauai PTBG 1/3/1990
59 Brassica rapa L. Humuula Sheep Station, Puu Huluhulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14449 Hawaii US 8/27/2016
60 Brassica rapa L. Lihue District, Highway 51 0.5 mile north of junction with Highway 570, along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W. 3729 Kauai US 1/3/1990
61 Brassica rapa L. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13673 Oahu US 6/15/2016
62 Brassica rapa L. kapule highway, lihu'e, north section between airport and hanama'ulu stream bridge, east side of road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. hume 495 Hawaii US 3/16/1990
63 Brassica rapa L. humuula sheep station, puu huluhulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14449 Molokai US 8/27/1916
64 Brassica rapa L. lihue district, highway 51 0.5 mile north of junction with highway 570, along roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 3729 Kauai US 1/3/1990
65 Brassica rapa L. Cultivated plants grow in Aiea. Veg. garden at the home of M.Lee, 98-580 Puaalii Place PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lee, M. 580 Oahu BISH 3/23/1990
66 Brassica rapa L. kaala, by cable station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 22272 Oahu BISH 11/17/1946
67 Brassica rapa L. Kaala, by cable station PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 22272 Oahu BISH 11/17/1946
68 Brassica rapa L. Kulani Project, South Hilo District On edge of disturbed forest: Metrosideros with Myoporum, Cibotium and Styphelia. Only 150' from road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 447 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1981
69 Brassica rapa L. kanepuu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 524 Maui BISH 2/3/1930
70 Brassica rapa L. halemanu, kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2408 Kauai BISH 2/14/1909
71 Brassica rapa L. halemanu, kauia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN collector number: 2394 Kauai BISH 2/14/1909
72 Brassica rapa L. Kulani Project, South Hilo District On edge of disturbed forest: Metrosideros with Myoporum, Cibotium and Styphelia. Only 150' from road. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 447 Hawaii BISH 2/12/1981
73 Brassica rapa L. Kamoku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 267 Lanai BISH 12/20/1913
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